What is the primary purpose of a flexible coupling in mechanical systems?

The primary purpose of a flexible coupling in mechanical systems is to allow for misalignment and absorb shock. Flexible couplings are designed specifically to accommodate a certain degree of misalignment between shafts, which can occur due to thermal expansion, vibration, or manufacturing tolerances. This flexibility ensures that the coupling can maintain the connection between the two shafts without imposing excessive stress on connected components, which could lead to premature wear or failure.

Additionally, by being able to absorb shocks and vibrations, flexible couplings protect the equipment downstream, such as motors and pumps, from potential damage caused by sudden impacts or misalignments during operation. This ability not only enhances reliability and lifespan but also ensures smoother operation by minimizing the transmission of vibrations through the mechanical system.

Other options might touch on related concepts, such as maintaining alignment or reducing wear, but they do not capture the essential function of accommodating misalignment and absorbing shock that is characteristic of flexible couplings. While increasing torque output can be a function of certain coupling designs, it is not the defining purpose of flexible couplings.